Basu and mukerjee 4 proposed a phage typing scheme for v. Means of bacterial identification employing panels of individual stocks of whole phages applied to bacterial lawns as spots. Clean inside of a hood with 10% bleach, deionized water and 70% ethanol and sterilize the inside with uv light for at least 20 minutes. They have been proposed as alternatives to antibiotics for many antibiotic resistant bacterial strains.
Few select k cholerae o1 isolates were sent for confirmation to the national institute of cholera and enteric diseases niced, kolkata, where phage typing was done by the vibrio phage reference laboratory as per procedures published earlier. The need for close collaboration between the epidemiologist and the laboratory worker in the use of phage typing is emphasized. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of community and hospitalacquired infections. Lenie dijkshoorn, kevin towner, in new approaches for the generation and analysis of microbial typing data, 2001. Additional phage typing systems as well as molecular techniques are being studied to determine whether they can differentiate strains of phage types 8 and a. New bacteriophage typing system for yersinia enterocolitica.
Phage typing definition of phage typing by medical. Phage type definition of phage type by medical dictionary. Resistance genes, phage types and pulsed field gel. Phage typing of stec o157 is a scheme based on the use of 16 bacteriophages that produce a phage infection profile for a strain based on the level of lysis achieved by each phage and has been used to categorize outbreaks and sporadic cases. Jul 23, 20 bacteriophage, phage typing and application 1. The techniques of propagation and titration of staphylococcal phages, tests for their control, and the method of phage typing as practiced in our laboratory are. Molecular subtyping of salmonella enteritidis phage type 8. Phage therapy trials without serious side effects or allergic reactions single dose would be sufficient to cure the patient bacteriophages in combination with antibiotic therapy may lower the occurrence of bacterial resistance bacteriophages are highly speciesspecific, it is necessary to precisely characterize the infectious bacterial. Analysis of whole genome sequencing for the escherichia. The phage nucleic acid takes over the host biosynthetic machinery and phage specified mrnas and proteins are made. Phages can be used as biocontrol agents in agriculture and petroleum industry.
Brief description of frequently used typing methods. Phage typing, pcr amplification for meca gene, and. These are arranged randomly because one choices of best book may be different from the choice of other. Yersinia enterocolitica is listed as a single species in bergeys manual of.
The pulsenet pulsed eld gel electrophoresis pfge protocol for salmonella was used with the xba i and bln i restriction enzymes 17. The strains clustered into 10 different phage types, of which type 1 38. Study 55 terms micro chapter 10 flashcards quizlet. In some cases the early phage proteins actually degrade the host chromosome. Bowtie 2 indexes the genome with an fm index based on the burrowswheeler transform or bwt to keep its memory. The first and second plates from the phage typing experiment. Isolation of salmonella enteritidis phage type 30 from a. Molecular subtyping of salmonella enteritidis phage type 8 strains from the united states miguel a. View and download powerpoint presentations on phage typing microbiology ppt. Today 80% of all stec o157 strains typed are pt 8, 2128, 2, 4 or 32 in the uk gbru in house data. Furthermore, they have been requested and used in a number of countries throughout the world including switzerland, canada, japan, israel, holland. Out line of the presentation introduction composition and structure of bacteriophages infection of host cells phage multiplication cycle a.
Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about phage typing microbiology ppt. So, in procedure when you plate bacteria on the growth media and discreetly infect with different phages, you are actually identifying which strain would be susceptible to which phage. Moreover phages are used as vehicles for vaccines both dna and protein, for. This relies on the presence or absence of particular receptors on the bacterial surface that are used by the virus to bind to the bacterial wall. Only phage typing performed in reference laboratories will allow accurate identification of the strain. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Phage typing is a useful epidemiological tool for some of the more common. If phage is present in a clone streaked or stamped onto the top agarose lawn, the lawn there will be lysed on incubation overnight. But i have compiled some of the best books available in the market. Research article diffusion and persistence of multidrug resistant salmonella typhimurium strains phage type dt120 in southern italy daniladevito, 1 rosamonno, 1 federicanuccio, 2. Phage typing is a rapid, economical, reliable, and reproducible technique, requiring no specialized equipment, for fingerprinting diseasecausing agents for epidemiological investigation and. Phage typing or crispr typing for epidemiological surveillance of. Whole genome sequencing wgs of foodborne pathogens has become an effective method for investigating the information contained in the genome sequence of bacterial pathogens. Recently it has been recognized that bacteriophages, the natural predators of bacteria can be used efficiently in modern biotechnology.
Learn phage typing with free interactive flashcards. Pdf comparison of phage typing and dna fingerprinting by. The basis of phage typing is the variable sensitivity of isolates to defined collections of bacteriophages which have been selected to provide the maximum sensitivity for differentiating isolates within a particular species. Our phages have been used to relate isolates to disease outbreaks in hospitals, processing plants, a campus and a restaurant. Pdf phage typing, pcr amplification for meca gene, and. Key to this process is that specific bacterial strains will be sensitive to some phages but not to others that are able to infect or simply kill members of the same bacterial species. In agreement with phage typing, pcr fingerprinting revealed the identical natures of the mrsa strains isolated from all patients. It is particularly good at aligning reads of about 50 up to 100s of characters to relatively long e. Lysogenic or temperate phage phage typing application of bacteriophages reference.
Seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep and isolation of. The techniques and interpretation of phage typing of staphylococci. Pdf typing methods based on whole genome sequencing data. Pdf a total of 675 strains of salmonella bareilly received from different parts of india and france during 195992 were phage typed using six.
Percent of subtyping data submitted to pulsenet within 7296 hours of receiving isolate in the laboratory. However, phage display library screening requires much less bait than does plaque screening on filters using a conventional immunoscreening procedure. Time to recommend public health courses of action to minimize human health threats identified in the jurisdictions hazard and vulnerability. Choose from 28 different sets of phage typing flashcards on quizlet.
Structural proteins head, tail that comprise the phage as well as the proteins needed for lysis of the bacterial cell are separately synthesized. Department of agriculture animal and plant health inspection service national veterinary services laboratory, ames, iowa. Phage type definition of phage type by the free dictionary. Interpret the results and record your observations. Test strains were esherichia coli a, esherichia coli b, esherichia coli k, and an orange mutant of esherichia coli. Salmonella strains within a particular serovar may be. The viruses that infect bacteria are called bacteriophages. Dh10b original glycerol stock or dh10b cultured stock for phage test. Phage typing, a procedure for characterizing and detecting bacterial strain by their reaction whether they are susceptible or resistance to various known strains of phage. Tandem repeat analysis for surveillance of human phage typing, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and pulsedfield gel electrophoresis pfge. Development and evaluation of a phage typing scheme for vibrio. Creditsmathround was written by geoffrey rommel and is available at. Phage typing definition of phage typing by the free dictionary.
Pdf biotyping, serotyping and phage typing of streptococcus. An outline of a pilot phagetyping test on three species of mycobacterium is included. Out line of the presentation introduction composition and. This method is used to type isolates of staphylococcus aureus and. Phage typing is a rapid, economical, reliable, and reproducible technique, requiring no specialized equipment, for fingerprinting diseasecausing agents for epidemiological investigation and surveillance. Routine phage lysis assays including phage typing are still actively used for the detection and identification of various bacterial pathogens 2832 but several new phage based technologies have been developed for more rapid and efficient detection of medically important bacteria.
Phage typing of salmonella enteritidis in the united states. Phage typing, pcr amplification for meca gene, and antibiotic resistance patterns as epidemiologic markers in nosocomial outbreaks of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. Salmonella strains within a particular serovar may be differentiated into a number of phage types by their pattern of susceptibility to lysis by a set of phages with different specificity. Bowtie 2 is an ultrafast and memoryefficient tool for aligning sequencing reads to long reference sequences. Research article diffusion and persistence of multidrug. Although the ability of native phages to bind specifically is limited to bacteria,it is possible to generate and use it in the. The viruses that infect bacteria are called bacteriophages phages for short and some of these can only infect a single strain of bacteria. In denmark, as part of the national laboratorybased surveillance system of human enteric infections, all salmonella typhimurium isolates are currently subtyped by using phage typing. Salmonella typhimurium phage typing for pathogens springerlink.
Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 848k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. The difference is that phages are just used to capture bacteria and generate a detectable signal 11. One method of prevention of phage infection is the use of bacterial strains harbouring particular prophages. Jun, 2014 phage typing detects different susceptibilities of a bacterial strain to attack by certain bacteriophages. Microbiology how can phage typing help to understand an. This relies on the presence or absence of particular receptors. Clonalitypfge and phage typing clonal relationship was assessed by pfge and established according to criteria described by tenover et al.
Phage typing phage typing is an extremely valuable diagnostic techniques. Typing methods based on whole genome sequencing data one. It is used to trace the source of outbreaks of infections. Phage typing definition of phage typing by medical dictionary. Test strains were esherichia coli a, esherichia coli b, esherichia coli k, and an orange mutant of. Analysis of whole genome sequencing for the escherichia coli. Key to this process is that specific bacterial strains. Jan 08, 2020 here are some of the top, nice and good microbiology books which we can study to get the basic as well as some advance knowledge of systemic and diagnostic microbiology.
Phagetyping of stec o157 is a scheme based on the use of 16 bacteriophages that produce a phage infection profile for a strain based on the level of lysis achieved by each phage and has. Rapid and sensitive detection of yersinia pestisusing. Bacteriophages and their implications on future biotechnology. Isolation of salmonella enteritidis phage type 30 from a single almond orchard over a 5year period aaron r. Bacteriophage means to eat bacteria, and are called so because virulent bacteriophage can cause the compete lysis of a susceptible bacterial culture. Feb 03, 2016 phage typing, a procedure for characterizing and detecting bacterial strain by their reaction whether they are susceptible or resistance to various known strains of phage. Full text get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article. Phage typing sequence typing typing of food or waterborne viruses norovirus and hepatitis a virus typing of food or waterborne parasites giardia and cryptosporidium the document is intended to be of help to nonmicrobiologists working with fwd outbreak investigations.
Phages that infect clostridium difficile were first isolated for typing purposes in the 1980s, but their use was short lived. Routine phage lysis assays including phage typing are still actively used for the detection and identification of various bacterial pathogens. Pdf thirty streptococcus faecalis isolates from mixed dental plaque samples were classified into four groups on. Method to test for phage on lawn culture by stamping. Indeed these bacterial viruses only attach to and infect specific host strains, thus by using a phage library a bacterial isolate can be identified at the subspecies. In silico analysis of whole genome sequences wgs of welldocumented phage types of s. Pdf bacteriophagetyping in salmonella bareilly researchgate. Phage therapy trials without serious side effects or allergic reactions single dose would be sufficient to cure the patient bacteriophages in combination with antibiotic therapy may lower. The first and second plates from the phagetyping experiment. Phage typing consists of subjecting a pure culture of a bacterial strain to a battery of bacterial viruses, or phages, to determine which of the phages will lyse or destroy the bacteria. The authors also analyzed changes in the phage typing profile of bacterial strains isolated from patients and the development of bacterial resistance to the therapeutic phages table. Routine phage lysis assays including phage typing are still actively used for the detection and identification of various bacterial pathogens 2832 but several new phagebased technologies have been developed for more rapid and efficient detection of medically important bacteria. The term was derived from bacteria and the greek phagein, meaning to devour. All of mrsa isolates harbored gene, except three unique isolates.
1064 1323 512 1453 758 544 1099 611 1010 1223 1332 268 319 1051 1127 1088 1003 1258 1273 295 747 95 44 1193 1652 554 288 1101 469 400 109 682 572 1314 75 587 1292 982 1430 984 649 290