Te at planar boundary, tm by duality, brewsters angle. The simplest electromagnetic waves are uniform plane waves propagating along some fixed direction, say the zdirection, in a lossless medium. In its plane of sharpest focus, which we take to be the xy plane, the electric. Osa lossless conversion of a plane laser wave to a plane.
The screen readerfriendly pdf version of this book is tagged structurally and includes. The latex source files also include alternative text for all images and figures. The l k h of a uniform plane wave describes the locus traced by the tip of the vector in the phase orthogonal to the direction of propagation at a given point in space as a function of time. A onedimensional problem, this may be the simplest of all possible diffraction problems.
Twisted pair illuminated by a field due to a small. Furthermore, it is a plane wave because the wave maxima, which are located at 30 where is an integer, consist of a series of parallel planes, normal to the axis, which are equally spaced a distance apart, and propagate along the positive axis at the velocity. A similar damping exists for the negative travelling wave. Assuming a simple dielectric, the wave equation is written as. Electric and magnetic field components in propagation direction are zero. This solution is a wave \traveling in the direction of k in the sense that a point of constant phase, meaning k. Since its amplitude and phase do not vary across the photographic. Propagation of a uniform plane wave in an arbitrary direction. A minerals research contract report february 1981 contract j0308024. For any position x \displaystyle \vec x in space and any time t \displaystyle t, the value of such a field can be written as. Simple answer to this question is a wave whose wavefronts surfaces of constant phase are infinite parallel planes normal to the direction of propagation is called a plane wave.
The wave equation 2 is a composition of these equations, one each component wise, ie, 22. Request pdf uniform plane waves the uniform plane wave is defined as the magnitude of the electric and magnetic fields. Consider a uniform plane wave incident on a metal screen with a slit of width 2b in the x 1direction. Waves whose constant phase fronts are planar plane waves and whose. Traveling wave function by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken, the velocity of propagation of the wave. The screen readerfriendly pdf version of this book is tagged structurally and includes alternative text which allows for machinereadability. Ranga rodrigo university of moratuwa uniform plane waves november 7, 2008 11 51. The wave represented above is conventionally termed a threedimensional plane wave. Uniform plane waves serve as approximations to practical waves such as those.
They are the same at all points in the direction of. Chapter 2 uniform plane wave equation and power balance. Uniform plane waves page 5 is attenuated as zincreases. Either view is valid according to the laws of physics, for there is no law that tells us that all waves must diffract, only laws that tell us how one wave evolves into another as it propagates.
If this locus is a circle we have circular polarization and if it is an ellipse we have. Turning to the downlink radiations, throughout this study we assume that the electric field emitted by the base station is considered as a uniform plane wave. Feb 09, 2012 the back propagating wave is the reflected plane wave. Magnetic field in a uniform electromagnetic plane wave. Similarly to the uplink case, the ambient electric field can be composed of single or multiple plane waves arriving form random directions, with various propagation characteristics. In physics, a plane wave is a special case of wave or field. Hence, e and h for each travelling wave are related through a simple multiplication operation. The sign the product depends on the direction of power. The uniform plane wave that is transmitted through the highly transmissive object consists of two components. They are the same at all points in the direction of propagation. No electric of magnetic field in direction of propagation 3. Uniform plane waves are composed of electric and magnetic field vectors whose directions are perpendicular to the wave propagation direction. Tem parallelplate line, telegraphers equation, z o. Discuss the similarities and dissimilarities of uniform plan.
It is threedimensional because its wavefunction, depends on all three cartesian coordinates. Chapter 3 uniform plane waves university of houston. Electromagnetic waves maxwells equations predict the. The uniform plane wave is defined as the magnitude of the electric and magnetic fields.
Uniform plane waves lanka education and research network. Sep 11, 2015 uniform plane wave and wave equation the basic understanding of the electromagnetic wave propagation in medium is provided by the basic concept of uniform plane wave. Boundary conditions, kr, phase matching, nonuniform plane wave, snells law. Consider a single molecule or point particle, emitting. Chapter maxwells equations and electromagnetic waves.
Plane waves far from the antenna, the em waves are well described as plane waves the fields are uniform within planes perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Jan 10, 2008 lecture series on transmission lines and e. If this locus is a straight line the wave is said to be linearly polarized. Download citation uniform plane waves the concept of uniform plane waves is important for electromagnetic wave propagation, scattering, and radiation.
A transverse wave pulse is produced at the lower end. Uniform plane wave in free space we have previously established the following properties of plane waves in free space. Positions having the same value for k r have the same phase and are located on the same phase front. In uniform plane wave theory we will arrive at a situation that considering tem wave travelling in z direction with electric field having only x component and magnetic field having only y component. Since e, h, and k form a righthanded system, the power ows in the direction of wave propagation. Electromagnetic fields in media, uniaxial media, quarterwave plate. Uniform plane wave article about uniform plane wave by.
The feed our halfwave dipole is an imperfect source of spherical waves, so a perfect conversion to a planewave like aperture field would not be expected even from an ideal lens. For the uniform plane wave described by 19 the plane of uniformity is the xyplane. In the most general case, the locus of tip of is an ellipse, and wave is. H wm2 44 equation 44 is known as the poyting vector. For example, an electromagnetic wave in the farfield region of. Developing sitespecific planewave coherence functions. Interest has recently been shown in methods of converting the plane wave from a laser in the uniphase tem0,0 mode to a plane wave having a uniform irradiance over a required cross section, and b all the power of the original beam. Transmission line having its disjoint segments illuminated by uncorrelated fields block diagram of a digital data.
Shevgaonkar, dept of electrical engineering, iit bombay for more details on nptel visit. Although the uniform plane wave is a very idealized case, it can adequately model many practical situations in wireless communications, radars, etc. The irradiance in any direction drops in proportion to 1r2, where r is the distance from the emission point. The basic understanding of the electromagnetic wave propagation in medium is provided by the basic concept of uniform plane wave. The uniform plane wave is a fundamental concept in electro magnetics and it is the simplest solution to the maxwells equation for time varying fields in an unbound.
I f thp as vloc iw 5 8 nd r permeability of the medium is r 2 4. Fall 2016 ose qualifying examination classical electrodynamics. Publication of this book was made possible in part by the virginia tech. A lefthand polarized plane wave represented by the phasor ez,te 0x. Recall 0 where the field of a uniform plane wave is given by the magnetic field i s th.
E and h lie in a plane to the direction of propagation. Furthermore, we have a plane wave, by which we mean that a surface of constant phase is a plane. Reflection and transmission of light from multilayer films. The uniform plane wave is a fundamental concept in electro magnetics and it is the simplest solution to the maxwells equation for time varying fields in an unbound, homogeneous. Module 02 uniform plane wave equation and power balance awab sir. The speed v of the wave pulse varies with height h from the lower end as. Uniform plane waves in lossless media 39 componentwise, these are. In a uniform plane wave the diffraction result is the same uniform plane wave. Uniform plane waves do not exist in practice because they cannot be produced by. Polarization of the uniform plane wave we define the polarization of a uniform plane wave as the locus of the tip of the electric field vector in time at a given point in space. University libraries open education faculty initiative grant program.
Uniform plane waves have uniform constant properties in a plane perpendicular to their direction of propagation. Wave fronts dont have to be planar unlike a plane wave, whose amplitude remains constant as it propagates, a spherical wave weakens. Hence, in a lossy medium, the wave is dissipated in the medium and is attenuated with distance. Discuss the similarities and dissimilarities of uniform. The latex source files also include alternative text for. The boundary conditions also require that the angular frequencies of all the waves be the same, the complex wave vectors of each plane wave lie in a common plane the plane of incidence and that. The electric and magnetic fields are orthogonal to the direction of propagation. Aug 31, 20 uniform plane waves are composed of electric and magnetic field vectors whose directions are perpendicular to the wave propagation direction. A uniform rope having some mass hinges vertically from a rigid support. In addition, the wave is transverse because both fields are perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Moreover, it is a plane wave because the wave maxima are located at.
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